{"id":4554,"date":"2026-04-09T08:25:52","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T08:25:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hydrathpower.com\/?p=4554"},"modified":"2026-04-09T08:25:52","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T08:25:52","slug":"iso-4406-erklart-einen-vollstandigen-leitfaden-fur-die-reinheitsgrade-von-hydraulikol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hydrathpower.com\/de\/iso-4406-explained-a-complete-guide-to-hydraulic-oil-cleanliness-codes\/","title":{"rendered":"ISO 4406 Erkl\u00e4rt: Ein kompletter Leitfaden f\u00fcr Hydraulik\u00f6l-Reinheitscodes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 1.7em; font-weight: bold;\">Einf\u00fchrung<\/span><\/p>\n<section class=\"introduction\">Hydrauliksysteme sind auf eine saubere Fl\u00fcssigkeit angewiesen, um zuverl\u00e4ssig zu funktionieren. Selbst kleine Partikel - die nur unter dem Mikroskop sichtbar sind - f\u00fchren zu Verschlei\u00df, Festfressen und vorzeitigem Ausfall von Pr\u00e4zisionskomponenten wie Servoventilen, Kolbenpumpen und Wegeventilen. Die Website <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/72618.html\">ISO 4406<\/a> Standard bietet eine universelle Sprache f\u00fcr die Kommunikation von Fl\u00fcssigkeitsreinheitsgraden, die es Ingenieuren erm\u00f6glicht, Anforderungen zu spezifizieren, Bedingungen zu \u00fcberwachen und eine geeignete Filtration auszuw\u00e4hlen.<\/section>\n<section class=\"definition\">\n<h2>Was ist ISO 4406?<\/h2>\n<p>ISO 4406:1999 ist die internationale Norm f\u00fcr die Codierung des Verschmutzungsgrads durch Feststoffpartikel in Hydraulikfl\u00fcssigkeiten. Die Norm verwendet einen dreistelligen, durch Schr\u00e4gstriche getrennten Code, z. B. 19\/17\/14, wobei jede Zahl f\u00fcr einen Partikelgr\u00f6\u00dfenbereich steht.<\/p>\n<p>Die drei Zahlen entsprechen:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Erste Nummer<\/strong>: Partikel \u2265 4 \u03bcm (pro mL)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zweite Nummer<\/strong>: Partikel \u2265 6 \u03bcm (pro mL)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dritte Nummer<\/strong>: Partikel \u2265 14 \u03bcm (pro mL)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>ISO 4406 misst Partikel mithilfe von Laserpartikelz\u00e4hlern. Das Ger\u00e4t z\u00e4hlt Partikel, die einen Laserstrahl brechen, w\u00e4hrend die Fl\u00fcssigkeit vorbeiflie\u00dft, und klassifiziert die Ergebnisse dann in standardisierte Gr\u00f6\u00dfenbereiche.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"interpretation\">\n<h2>Lesen von ISO 4406-Codes<\/h2>\n<p>Jede Zahl des ISO 4406-Codes reicht von 0 bis 28 und steht f\u00fcr einen Bereich der Partikelanzahl und nicht f\u00fcr eine genaue Anzahl. Ein Code von 22 bedeutet 20.000 bis 40.000 Partikel pro Milliliter f\u00fcr diesen Gr\u00f6\u00dfenbereich.<\/p>\n<p>Jede Erh\u00f6hung der Codenummer verdoppelt den Partikelz\u00e4hlbereich. Das bedeutet, dass eine kleine Erh\u00f6hung des Codes einen erheblichen Anstieg des Verschmutzungsgrades bedeutet.<\/p>\n<h3>ISO 4406 Code-Tabelle<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>ISO-Code<\/th>\n<th>Partikel pro mL (Min)<\/th>\n<th>Partikel pro mL (Max)<\/th>\n<th>Sauberkeitsgrad<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>2.5<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Sehr sauber<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>Sauber<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>160<\/td>\n<td>320<\/td>\n<td>Annehmbar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>1,300<\/td>\n<td>2,500<\/td>\n<td>Marginal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td>2,500<\/td>\n<td>5,000<\/td>\n<td>Verseucht<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>20,000<\/td>\n<td>40,000<\/td>\n<td>Sehr schmutzig<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>80,000<\/td>\n<td>160,000<\/td>\n<td>Starke Verschmutzung<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Praktisches Beispiel<\/h3>\n<p>Nehmen wir einen \u00d6lprobenbericht mit dem ISO-Code 19\/17\/14:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>19<\/strong> = 2.500 bis 5.000 Partikel \u2265 4 \u03bcm pro ml<\/li>\n<li><strong>17<\/strong> = 630 bis 1.250 Partikel \u2265 6 \u03bcm pro mL<\/li>\n<li><strong>14<\/strong> = 40 bis 80 Partikel \u2265 14 \u03bcm pro ml<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Der Code 22\/18\/13 enth\u00e4lt viermal mehr Partikel als 20\/16\/11. Kleine Unterschiede in der Codenummer bedeuten gro\u00dfe Unterschiede in der Kontamination.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"requirements\">\n<h2>Anforderungen an die Bauteilsauberkeit<\/h2>\n<p>Anders <a href=\"\/components\/\">Hydraulikkomponenten<\/a> tolerieren Verunreinigungen je nach den Abst\u00e4nden zwischen den beweglichen Oberfl\u00e4chen unterschiedlich. Pr\u00e4zisionskomponenten erfordern eine sauberere Fl\u00fcssigkeit.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Komponente<\/th>\n<th>Typischer Freiraum<\/th>\n<th>Ziel-ISO-Code<\/th>\n<th>Empfohlener Filter<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Servo-Ventile<\/td>\n<td>0,5-4 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<td>14\/12\/9<\/td>\n<td>3 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Proportional-Ventile<\/td>\n<td>2-8 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<td>15\/13\/10<\/td>\n<td>5 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kolbenpumpen\/Motoren<\/td>\n<td>0,5-5 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<td>16\/14\/11<\/td>\n<td>6 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fl\u00fcgelzellenpumpen\/Motoren<\/td>\n<td>0,5-13 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<td>17\/15\/12<\/td>\n<td>10 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zahnradpumpen\/Motoren<\/td>\n<td>0,5-25 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<td>18\/16\/13<\/td>\n<td>12 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Richtungsabh\u00e4ngige Ventile<\/td>\n<td>2-40 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<td>18\/16\/13<\/td>\n<td>12 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Die Hersteller von Kolbenpumpen schreiben in der Regel einen Mindestreinheitsgrad von 19\/17\/14 vor. Bei Nichteinhaltung dieser Anforderung erlischt die Garantie und der Verschlei\u00df wird beschleunigt.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"standards-comparison\">\n<h2>ISO 4406 vs. NAS 1638 vs. GB\/T 14039<\/h2>\n<p>Drei Normen regeln die Sauberkeit von Fl\u00fcssigkeiten in verschiedenen Regionen:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Standard<\/th>\n<th>Region<\/th>\n<th>Code Format<\/th>\n<th>Partikelgr\u00f6\u00dfen<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>ISO 4406<\/td>\n<td>International<\/td>\n<td>XX\/YYY\/ZZ<\/td>\n<td>4, 6, 14 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>NAS 1638<\/td>\n<td>USA<\/td>\n<td>Klasse 00-12<\/td>\n<td>5, 15, 25, 50, 100 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>GB\/T 14039<\/td>\n<td>China<\/td>\n<td>\u00c4quivalent zu ISO 4406<\/td>\n<td>4, 6, 14 \u03bcm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>ISO 4406 hat sich aufgrund der umfassenden Abdeckung der Partikelgr\u00f6\u00dfe und der praktischen Nachweismethoden zur weltweiten Norm entwickelt. GB\/T 14039-2022 ist gleichwertig mit ISO 4406 und gew\u00e4hrleistet die Konsistenz zwischen chinesischen und internationalen Spezifikationen.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"implementation\">\n<h2>So erreichen Sie die angestrebte Sauberkeit<\/h2>\n<p>Befolgen Sie die folgenden Schritte, um eine ordnungsgem\u00e4\u00dfe Fl\u00fcssigkeitssauberkeit herzustellen und aufrechtzuerhalten:<\/p>\n<h3>Schritt 1: \u00d6lanalyse durchf\u00fchren<\/h3>\n<p>Schlie\u00dfen Sie einen tragbaren Partikelz\u00e4hler direkt an die Probenahmeanschl\u00fcsse des Systems an, um m\u00f6glichst genaue Ergebnisse zu erhalten. Alternativ k\u00f6nnen Sie ein \u00d6lanalyse-Patch-Test-Kit zur visuellen Beurteilung der Verschmutzung verwenden oder Flaschenproben f\u00fcr umfassende Tests an ein Labor senden.<\/p>\n<p>F\u00fchren Sie viertelj\u00e4hrlich eine \u00d6lanalyse durch, um Sauberkeitstrends im Laufe der Zeit zu verfolgen.<\/p>\n<h3>Schritt 2: Implementierung der Filtration<\/h3>\n<p>W\u00e4hlen Sie die Filterung entsprechend Ihrem ISO-Code und den Anforderungen an die Komponenten. Die Optionen umfassen:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Dedizierte Filterplatten<\/strong>: Inline-Konditionierung f\u00fcr in Betrieb befindliche Systeme<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tragbare Filterwagen<\/strong>: Vielseitige Einheiten f\u00fcr den Transfer und die Notfallfiltration<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bel\u00fcftungsfilter<\/strong>: Verhindern Sie die Kontamination der Umwelt w\u00e4hrend der Reservoiratmung<\/li>\n<li><strong>Offline-Nierenkreislauffiltration<\/strong>: Kontinuierliche Feinfiltration ohne Beeintr\u00e4chtigung des Systembetriebs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Schritt 3: Erstellung eines Wartungsprotokolls<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Tauschen Sie die Filter in den vom Hersteller empfohlenen Abst\u00e4nden aus.<\/li>\n<li>\u00dcberwachung des Filterdifferenzdrucks als Fr\u00fchwarnindikator<\/li>\n<li>Halten Sie die Probenahmestellen bei der Entnahme von \u00d6lproben sauber<\/li>\n<li>Lagern Sie neue Fl\u00fcssigkeit in sauberen Beh\u00e4ltern und filtern Sie sie, bevor Sie sie dem System zuf\u00fchren.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"faq\">\n<h2>H\u00e4ufig gestellte Fragen<\/h2>\n<h3>Was bedeutet der Sauberkeitscode ISO 4406?<\/h3>\n<p>Der ISO 4406-Code gibt die Partikelanzahl in drei Gr\u00f6\u00dfenbereichen an. Niedrigere Zahlen bedeuten eine sauberere Fl\u00fcssigkeit. Code 19\/17\/14 bedeutet 2.500 bis 5.000 Partikel bei 4 \u03bcm und gr\u00f6\u00dfer, 630 bis 1.250 bei 6 \u03bcm und gr\u00f6\u00dfer, und 40 bis 80 bei 14 \u03bcm und gr\u00f6\u00dfer pro Milliliter.<\/p>\n<h3>Wie oft sollte ich die Sauberkeit des Hydraulik\u00f6ls pr\u00fcfen?<\/h3>\n<p>Pr\u00fcfen Sie die \u00d6lreinheit viertelj\u00e4hrlich im Rahmen der regelm\u00e4\u00dfigen Wartung. Nach einer System\u00e4nderung, dem Austausch von Komponenten oder einem Verschmutzungsvorfall sollte die Pr\u00fcfung h\u00e4ufiger durchgef\u00fchrt werden. Durch regelm\u00e4\u00dfige \u00dcberwachung werden Trends erkannt, bevor sie zu Ausf\u00e4llen f\u00fchren.<\/p>\n<h3>Was passiert, wenn die Sauberkeit des \u00d6ls schlechter ist als vorgeschrieben?<\/h3>\n<p>Verunreinigte Fl\u00fcssigkeit f\u00fchrt zu beschleunigtem Verschlei\u00df von Pumpen, Ventilen und Zylindern. Bei Pr\u00e4zisionskomponenten wie Servoventilen kommt es zu Stick-Slip-Verhalten, Genauigkeitseinbu\u00dfen und vorzeitigem Ausfall. Nach Angaben der Industrie sind etwa 80% der Ausf\u00e4lle von Hydrauliksystemen auf Verunreinigungen zur\u00fcckzuf\u00fchren.<\/p>\n<h3>Welchen ISO-Code sollte ich f\u00fcr mein Hydrauliksystem angeben?<\/h3>\n<p>Beginnen Sie mit den Anforderungen f\u00fcr Ihr empfindlichstes Bauteil. Kolbenpumpen ben\u00f6tigen in der Regel mindestens 19\/17\/14. Servoventilsysteme ben\u00f6tigen eine viel sauberere Fl\u00fcssigkeit - in der Regel 14\/12\/9 oder besser. Geben Sie eine sauberere Fl\u00fcssigkeit als die strengste Anforderung an, um eine Sicherheitsmarge zu schaffen.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"conclusion\">\n<h2>Schlussfolgerung<\/h2>\n<p>ISO 4406 ist die universelle Sprache f\u00fcr die Reinheit von Hydraulikfl\u00fcssigkeiten. Wenn Ingenieure und Techniker wissen, wie man den dreistelligen Code liest, die Reinheitsgrade an die Komponentenanforderungen anpasst und die richtige Filtration einsetzt, k\u00f6nnen sie verunreinigungsbedingte Ausf\u00e4lle verhindern und die Lebensdauer der Anlagen verl\u00e4ngern.<\/p>\n<p>Regelm\u00e4\u00dfige \u00d6lanalysen, geeignete Filtration und konsequente Wartungsma\u00dfnahmen sorgen daf\u00fcr, dass die Hydrauliksysteme innerhalb der vorgegebenen Reinheitsgrade arbeiten. Dieser Ansatz reduziert Ausfallzeiten, verl\u00e4ngert die Lebensdauer der Komponenten und sch\u00fctzt die Investitionen in die Anlagen.<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction Hydraulic systems depend on clean fluid to function reliably. Even small particles\u2014visible only under a microscope\u2014cause wear, seizure, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4557,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>ISO 4406 Explained: A Complete Guide to Hydraulic Oil Cleanliness Codes - Hydrath Power<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how ISO 4406 cleanliness codes work, how to read particle count reports, and which cleanliness levels your hydraulic components need.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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